Roll out the dough: The next day, remove the dough from the refrigerator. Lightly flour your work surface and turn the dough out onto the table. Roll it out into a 14-inch by 8-inch rectangle.
Make the cinnamon sugar filling: In a small bowl, add the softened butter, brown sugar, and cinnamon, and mix together until combined.
43 grams (4 tablespoons) unsalted butter, 100 g (½ cup) light or brown packed sugar, 1 tablespoon cinnamon
Add the filling: Use a rubber spatula or icing knife to spread the filling evenly over the entire surface of the rectangular dough. From the long side, roll the dough up into a 14 inch long log. Slice the dough into 10 - 12 even (roughly 2’’) slices.
Final rise: Place the rolls into a greased or parchment-lined 9-inch or 10-inch round or square baking pan. Cover and let rise for 1 - 2 hours at room temperature until puffy.
Bake: Preheat the oven to 375°F. Bake for 25 to 30 minutes, until golden brown on top (or the internal temperature is 195 - 200 degrees Fahrenheit). Remove the pan from the oven and make the cream cheese frosting while the rolls cool.
Make the cream cheese frosting: In a medium-sized bowl, or the bowl of a stand mixer with the paddle attachment, add the cream cheese and butter and beat until smooth and creamy. Add the vanilla extract and beat in the powdered sugar until fully combined. Spread the frosting over the cinnamon rolls with a knife or cake spatula.
113 g (4oz) cream cheese, softened softed to room temperature, 28 g (2 tablespoons) unsalted butter, softed to room temperature, 80 g (⅔ cup) powdered sugar, 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
Serve and enjoy!